Orthopantomography: the first assessment of the dentition, used to detect malocclusions.

Electromyography: a simple but essential test that identifies the origin of muscle tension, the cause of neck pain, and also muscle-tension headaches.

When additional diagnostic tests are required, we perform a cone beam CT scan, which gives us a 3D craniomandibular reconstruction of both the temporomandibular joints (TMJ) and the two dental arches (upper and lower) of the patient.

We combine these 3D anatomical reconstructions with a digital simulator, which accurately records the patient's mandibular movements and masticatory function, in harmony with their neuromuscular system (mandibular kinematics). This individual examination is projected onto a monitor that gives us additional information and allows us to assess any potential anatomical damage and functional pathology.

In more complex cases, when we identify a functional pathology, an MRI is needed to assess TMJ dynamics and define the complexity of the specific pathology.

Those immediately perceived by patients are: facial muscle pain, ear pain, trigeminal neuralgia, neck pain, and migraines.In the short to medium term: abrasion, fractures of enamel or teeth, damage to the temporomandibular joints.

They involve the neuromuscular system and are caused by the inflammation of the head and neck muscles, and the masticatory and cervical muscles (myofascial syndrome). They also involve the neuro-myofascial system and the cervical spine.

When altered, these relationships cause a pathological posture of the cervical spine and the skull, compromising the balance of the neck and trunk muscles and the postural system, overall balance, and the auditory system (tinnitus, ringing of the ears).

There is a close correlation between pathologies of the temporomandibular joints and those of the masticatory muscular system (myoarthropathy), since trauma to the joints, even induced by a malocclusion, can cause muscular damage and postural alterations to the skull and the cervical spine.

This pathological picture involves the neurovegetative system.

The most frequent causes are jaw trauma, anatomical and functional characteristics, dental malocclusion, and oral parafunctions, such as bruxism (teeth grinding) and clenching induced by stress and psycho-social distress. An individual predisposition exists with regard to the occurrence of cranialcervical-mandibular disorders.

These include ototoxic drugs, acoustic trauma, mental and physical stress, bruxism (grinding teeth), clenching teeth, or malocclusions. They may occur due to bruxism when sleeping but are more severely perceived when awake.